{"id":244,"date":"2025-03-04T23:19:41","date_gmt":"2025-03-04T22:19:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/noria-research.com\/africas\/?p=244"},"modified":"2026-02-16T12:29:42","modified_gmt":"2026-02-16T11:29:42","slug":"seminaire-seance-n6-r-tiquet","status":"publish","type":"event","link":"https:\/\/noria-research.com\/africas\/fr\/event\/seminaire-seance-n6-r-tiquet\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u00e9minaire – S\u00e9ance n\u00b06 – R. Tiquet"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u00c0 propos de Romain Tiquet<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Romain Tiquet est historien et charg\u00e9 de recherche au CNRS. Actuellement en mobilit\u00e9 au Centre Marc Bloch, ses travaux portent sur l\u2019histoire du travail forc\u00e9, de l\u2019enfermement et de la folie en Afrique de l\u2019ouest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Discutant<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Docteur en sociologie (Paris X), Georges Macaire Eyenga a termin\u00e9 un postdoctorat au WISER de l\u2019universit\u00e9 de Witwatersrand en Afrique du Sud. Il est actuellement charg\u00e9 de cours \u00e0 l\u2019universit\u00e9 de Dschang au Cameroun et travaille sur les politiques de surveillance, d\u2019identification des individus et la gouvernance agile en Afrique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Retour sur la communication<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n
Axe 1 – Legs coloniaux et perspectives d\u00e9coloniales<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n
Axe 2 – Dynamiques et transformations politiques<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Cette communication se concentre sur un lieu en particulier : le village de Koutal situ\u00e9 \u00e0 une dizaine de kilom\u00e8tres de Kaolack au S\u00e9n\u00e9gal. Le village de Koutal a abrit\u00e9 un camp p\u00e9nal pour travailleurs forc\u00e9s pendant la p\u00e9riode coloniale pour la construction des routes de la r\u00e9gion. Apr\u00e8s l’ind\u00e9pendance du pays en 1960, les autorit\u00e9s s\u00e9n\u00e9galaises ont transform\u00e9 ce camp p\u00e9nal en un camp d’internement pour l\u00e9preux. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A l’\u00e9poque coloniale, la cr\u00e9ation de camps p\u00e9naux \u00e9tait cens\u00e9e \u00e0 la fois isoler les prisonniers les plus dangereux et les utiliser comme main-d’\u0153uvre contrainte pour les chantiers de construction des routes de la colonie. La logique de mise au travail ne pr\u00e9tendait pas r\u00e9former ou r\u00e9int\u00e9grer socialement les prisonniers, mais plut\u00f4t les utiliser comme des mat\u00e9riaux humains pour la “mise en valeur” coloniale. Apr\u00e8s l’ind\u00e9pendance, en 1967, L\u00e9opold S\u00e9dar Senghor transforme le camp p\u00e9nal de Koutal en un village d’internement pour l\u00e9preux. Cette transformation r\u00e9pond au contexte de lutte et de gestion de la marginalit\u00e9 urbaine par les autorit\u00e9s post-coloniales : les grands centres urbains (en premier lieu Dakar, la capitale) devaient \u00eatre vid\u00e9s de tous les “fl\u00e9aux sociaux” et autres “encombrements humains” afin d’attirer les bailleurs et les touristes. Les l\u00e9preux mendiants de Dakar et de Kaolack sont donc rafl\u00e9s et envoy\u00e9s \u00e0 Koutal. Bien qu’ils soient trait\u00e9s contre la l\u00e8pre, c’est la dimension de l’exclusion et de l’isolement qui pr\u00e9vaut. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Plusieurs questions transversales seront au c\u0153ur de cette contribution. Tout d’abord, l’empreinte historique du lieu sera questionn\u00e9e. Koutal a \u00e9t\u00e9 un lieu de labeur et d\u2019effort physique pour les prisonniers pendant la p\u00e9riode coloniale et s’est transform\u00e9 en un lieu de stigmatisation sociale apr\u00e8s l’ind\u00e9pendance. Il conviendra alors de souligner la permanence dans le discours et les mod\u00e8les de gestion des populations jug\u00e9es “irr\u00e9cup\u00e9rables” par les autorit\u00e9s (post-)coloniales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Par ailleurs l\u2019exemple de Koutal sur le temps long t\u00e9moigne de la diversit\u00e9 des techniques mises en place par des autorit\u00e9s politiques pour contr\u00f4ler les corps (post)coloniaux, tant\u00f4t utilis\u00e9s \u00e0 des fins \u00e9conomiques pour la mise en valeur des colonies, tant\u00f4t, r\u00e9prim\u00e9s, rel\u00e9gu\u00e9s du fait du stigmate physique de la l\u00e8pre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Par ailleurs, pour ne pas tomber dans le pi\u00e8ge d’une simple analyse de la machinerie institutionnelle, il est \u00e9galement n\u00e9cessaire d’examiner comment tant les travailleurs condamn\u00e9s que les l\u00e9preux ont envisag\u00e9, contourn\u00e9, domestiqu\u00e9, refus\u00e9 ou m\u00eame n\u00e9goci\u00e9 le cadre de leur enfermement et de leur exclusion. Le corps devient \u00e0 ce titre un espace de r\u00e9sistance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/h2>\n","protected":false},"author":453,"featured_media":32198,"template":"","project":[14],"region":[86],"class_list":["post-244","event","type-event","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","project-seminaire-de-recherche","region-afrique"],"yoast_head":"\nS\u00e9minaire - S\u00e9ance n\u00b06 - R. Tiquet - Africas<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/noria-research.com\/africas\/fr\/event\/seminaire-seance-n6-r-tiquet\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"S\u00e9minaire - S\u00e9ance n\u00b06 - R. Tiquet - Africas\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00c0 propos de Romain Tiquet Romain Tiquet est historien et charg\u00e9 de recherche au CNRS. 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